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1. Skeletal Traction - placing a broken bone in a setup of pulleys and pins that help heal the bone stronger 2. Callus Formation on Bone - bone formation of a bone found after a fracture 3. Nonunion - failure of the bone ends to grow together; Gap btw the broken ends of the bone fills with dense fibrous and fibrocartilaginous tissue; occasional has a "false joint" 4. Malunion - union of bone that does not grow back together properly 5. Hyper union - joint moves further than what you ex...

Intracellular fluid components - 2/3 of the bodies fluid is in the ICF, it's the fluid that is in all of the cells. Extracellular fluid components - the other 1/3 of the total body water, it's made up of interstitial fluid, plasma, lymph, synovial, intestinal, CSF, sweat, urine, pleural, peitoneal, pericardial, and introcular fluid. Where is blood plasma located? - in the extracellular fluid How does fluid move between compartments? - it occurs at the capillary level by forces of pres...

Schwann cell - Glial cells that are located in the peripheral nervous system and that form the myelin sheath around the axon of a neuron. Neruoglial cell - or Glial cells; are non-neuronal cells that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons in the brain, and for neurons in other parts of the nervous system such as in the autonomic nervous system. Nephrotic syndrome - 1. Clinical condition of edema and proteinuria in which the renal histology (li...

What are the causes of neutropenia? - Prolonged severe infection Decreased production of neutrophils Reduced survival of neutrophils Abnormal nuetrophil distribution and sequestration What is neutropenia? - A reduction in the neutrophils circulating in the blood stream What is the etiology of polycythemia? - It is an overproduction of red blood cells. There are two kinds, relative and absolute (also splits into primary and secondary absolute) What is relative polycythemia? - It is a ove...

Types of Fractures - Transverse-line of break forms a right angle with the access of the bone (straight) Oblique-line of break runs obliquely to the access to the bone (slant) Occult-fracture that is hidden/not readily discernable Spiral- when torgue (rotating motion) is applied along the access of the bone Comminuted- 2+ pieces of fractured bone Pathologic-related to disease process that weakens the bone Greenstick- break in only one cortex of the bone, inner surface still in tact Impac...

What is the etiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis? - Inflammatory autoimmune joint disorder. More in women around 40-50 yrs old. They have antibodies against the IgG fragments= the body is fighting its own joints= inflammation. Rx= treat pain, treat symptoms of stiffness swelling. maintain mobility, physical rest and therapeutic exercises. Can give immunosuppresent drugs. Real stages of Alzheimer's - 1- Early- measurable short term memory loss, mild ADL problems 2- Middle- moderate to se...

THESE BUNDLE CONTAINS 16 REVISION PAPERS AND SUMMARY PAPERS. FOR RAPID REVIEW IN EXAM PREPARATIONS. LATEST UPDATES

Transient Ischemic Attacks - Temporary neurologic dysfunction. May be motor, sensory or visual. Are TIAs permanent or temporary incidents? - Temporary A family member of a client with a hemorrhagic stroke asks about anticoagulant therapy. Will be started if necessary to enhance cerebral circulation. - False. Administration of an anticoagulant to a client who is bleeding will interfere with clotting and increase bleeding. Anticoagulants are not used in this situation because they will incr...

Intracranial pressure (ICP) -pressure exerted by the volume of the intracranial contents within the cranial vault; brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Monroe-Kellie Doctorine- foundation for understand increased ICP -changes in volume in one component must reciprocate change in other components What is normal ICP? Why must the volume remain constant? -Normal ICP= 0-15 mmHg -The fixed nature of the skull is reason the volume of its contents must remain constant Examples o...

GI Tract 25 foot tube form mouth to the anus main function is to digest, absorb nutrients, and excrete waste plays a critical role in homeostasis GI tract consists of -oral cavity -esophagus -stomach -pancreas -liver and gallbladder -small and large intestine -rectum digestion begins in the mouth is a major site of digestion stomach the main function of the small intestine is to absorb nutrients the main function of the large intestine is to balance fluid and electrolytes GI ...