Nclex

1. You’re caring for a 2-day-old infant with a large patent ductus arteriosus. The mother of the infant is anxious and asks you to explain her child’s condition to her again. Which statement below BEST describes this condition? A. “The vessel connecting the aorta and pulmonary vein has closed prematurely, which is leading to increased blood flow to the lungs.” B. “The vessel connecting the aorta and pulmonary artery has failed to close at birth, which is leading to a left-to-right sh...

A 5 year old a has temperature of 103.6 'F and is brought into the emergency room by his mother. Which statement by the mother causes concern? • "I administered Aspirin to help with the fever a few hours ago." • "I re-took his temperature 30 minutes after I gave the medication and it was still high." • "I've tried to encourage fluid intake every hour." • "I gave him a sponge bath to help witht he fever." A child should never have aspirin, especially for a fever due to Re...

1. Your patient is 4-years-old. According to Erickson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development the child should develop ____________ by the end of their developmental stage. A. trust B. purpose C. autonomy D. competence The answer is B: purpose. Ages 3-5 years include preschoolers, and according to Erickson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development the child is in the Initiative vs. Guilt stage. The child is learning how to venture out and be independent. If they are able to do this (not discour...

1. Doctor orders Amoxil for a child that weighs 63 lbs. The safe dosage range for this medication is 50 mg/kg/day every 8 hours. What is the safe dose for this child per dose? 2. Doctor orders Zofran 2 mg for a child that weighs 13.6 kg. The safe dosage of this drug is 0.15 mg/kg. Is this a safe dose? 3. Doctor orders Zithromax for a child that weighs 82 lbs. The safe dose range for this medication is 10-12 mg/kg/day. What is the maximum safe daily dose for this child? 4. Doctor o...

1. A 2-year-old weighed 7 lbs. at birth. How much should the child weigh now? A. 14 lbs. B. 28 lbs. C. 21 lbs. D. 36 lbs. The answer is B. The child’s weight should be 4 times their birth weight when they are 2 years old. Therefore, if the child weighed 7 lbs. at birth they should be around 28 lbs. at 2 years (24 months). 2. You’re assessing the height of a 24-month-old. The child is 34 inches. Based on this measurement, what is an estimated adult height for this child? A. 6 feet 2 i...

1. A two-month-old is showing signs and symptoms of heart failure. An echocardiogram is ordered. The test shows the infant has a ventricular septal defect (VSD). Which statement below best describes the blood flow in the heart due to this congenital heart defect? A. “The blood in the heart is shunting from the right ventricle to the left ventricle, which is increasing pulmonary blood flow.” B. “The blood in the heart is shunting from the left ventricle to the right ventri...

1. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that causes the endocrine glands to work incorrectly. False: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that causes the EXOCRINE (not endocrine) glands to work incorrectly. Exocrine glands are glands that produce and transfer its secretions (ex: mucous, tears, sweat, digestive enzymes) via DUCTS to an intended area of the body, rather than directly into the bloodstream. This is different from endocrine glands that don’t have ducts but directly sec...

1. Which statement is correct regarding the role of the epiglottis? A. This structure prevents food from entering the nasopharynx. B. The epiglottis helps with vocal cord vibration. C. After swallowing this structure moves downward to prevent swallowed contents from entering the trachea. D. The epiglottis is found in between the vocal folds. The answer is C. Option A is wrong because this is the role of the uvula (NOT epiglottis). Option B is wrong because this is the role of the GLOTTIS (n...

1. During a routine pediatric visit, a 2 month old patient will need which of the following vaccines? A. MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) B. Hepatitis A C. Hepatitis B D. DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis) E. Hib (Haemophilus Influenzae Type B) F. Varicella G. Polio H. RV (Rotavirus) I. PCV (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine) The answers are C, D, E, G, H, and I. At 2 months the patient should receive: DTaP, Hepatitis B, Hib, Polio, RV, and PCV. 2. A mother calls the pediatric clinic to ...

1. You’re assessing a 10-month-old infant. You note on examination the anterior fontanelle is open. The nurse will: A. Document this as an abnormal finding because this fontanelle should close at 2 months B. Document this as a normal finding because this fontanelle closes at about 18 months C. Document this as a normal finding because this fontanelle closes at about 12 months D. Document this as an abnormal finding because this fontanelle should close at 6 months The answer is B. This is ...