Nurs 6320 pathophysiology Samenvattingen, Aantekeningen en Examens

o Hypokalemia ▪ Potassium level <3.5 mEq/L ▪ Causes: • Reduced potassium intake • Increased potassium entry into cell • Increased potassium loss ▪ Treatment: • Replace potassium orally and/or intravenously ▪ Manifestations: • Membrane hyperpolarization causes: • Decreased neuromuscular excitability • Skeletal muscle weakness • Smooth muscle atony • Cardiac dysrhythmias • U wave on electrocardiogram (ECG)

o Hypokalemia ▪ Potassium level <3.5 mEq/L ▪ Causes: • Reduced potassium intake • Increased potassium entry into cell • Increased potassium loss ▪ Treatment: • Replace potassium orally and/or intravenously ▪ Manifestations: • Membrane hyperpolarization causes: • Decreased neuromuscular excitability • Skeletal muscle weakness • Smooth muscle atony • Cardiac dysrhythmias • U wave on electrocardiogram (ECG)

o Hypokalemia ▪ Potassium level <3.5 mEq/L ▪ Causes: • Reduced potassium intake • Increased potassium entry into cell • Increased potassium loss ▪ Treatment: • Replace potassium orally and/or intravenously ▪ Manifestations: • Membrane hyperpolarization causes: • Decreased neuromuscular excitability • Skeletal muscle weakness • Smooth muscle atony • Cardiac dysrhythmias • U wave on electrocardiogram (ECG)

NURS 6320_70 Pathophysiology Midterm Study Guide Spring 2019/20 Below are areas you need to focus on for the midterm exam. • Acid-base balance: o 1. Hydrogen ions, which maintain membrane integrity and the speed of enzymatic reactions, must be concentrated within a narrow range if the body is to function normally. o 2. Hydrogen ion concentration is expressed as pH, which represents the negative logarithm of hydrogen ions in solution. o 3. Different body fluids have different pH values. o ...