NUR 2392 (NUR 2392)

Lifestyle risk factors-Smoking: Smoking plays a vital role in cancer pathogenesis as the mutagens in the smoke are potentially carcinogenic, with 2 to 4 % of increased relative risk in individuals with smoking when compared to nonsmoking individuals. • Family history: Family history of breast cancer (first-degree relative (mother) as well as grandmother) is also a most significant risk factor in this client as the relative risk of cancer in individuals with positive family history is 4 to...