Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Plato (human nature) - ANSWER Rationalist Descartes (human nature) - ANSWER Rationalist Locke (human nature) - ANSWER empiricist - blank slate Hobbes (human nature) - ANSWER State of nature - bad Rousseau (human nature) - ANSWER State of nature - good Darwin (human nature) - ANSWER irrational - evolution Descartes (mind/body) - ANSWER Substance dualist - mind does not depend on body Searle (mind/body) - ANSWER mind depends on body Socrates (mind/body) - ANSWER Mind is slave to body Denn...

Mind-Body Problem - correct answer The issue of how the mind is related to the brain and body Dualism - correct answer the presumption that mind and body are two distinct entities that interact Monism - correct answer the presumption that mind and body are different aspects of the same thing Ontological (Anselm) - correct answer St. Anselm claims to derive the existence of God from the concept of a being than which no greater can be conceived. St. Anselm reasoned that, if such a...

Absolutism - correct answer the view that there are some types of activities that are strictly prohibited by morality, no matter what the specific facts are in a particular case. Killing a person is morally impermissible in "War and Massacre" (Thomas Nagel) Absurdism - correct answer the belief that human beings exist in a purposeless, chaotic universe. a fortiori - correct answer with greater reason, for a still stronger more certain reason agent causality - correct answer ...

In Meditation 1, Descartes reasons that if a belief is false, then anything that rests on it is. a) implausible b) false c) improbable d) doubtful - correct answer d) doubtful In the last stage of Descartes' methodical skepticism he _______ that there is an evil demon intent on deceiving him. a) supposes b) doubts c) argues d) believes - correct answer a) supposes In Meditation 3, a key premise in Descartes' proof of God's existence is: a) If something can be doubted, then ...

A Priori - correct answer Before the fact. A Posteriori - correct answer After the fact. Absolutism - correct answer Ethics theory that there is only one absolute right, and one absolute wrong; One standard. Relativism - correct answer Denies the existence of a single, universally applicable moral standard. As the name implies, ethical relativists believe insist that the correct morality is relative to one's society: each society has its own morality, and an action of one perso...

Plato's Allegory of the Cave - correct answer explores the notion of belief, illusion, knowledge and truth. Shadows (doubts, prejudices, cultural norms) play a role in the illustration of our ability or inability to be freed from illusion (or gain new knowledge and understanding) Existentialism - correct answer people are free agents who have control over their own thoughts and actions Sartre - correct answer we are all born as a blank slate, we can make it into whatever we want, we...

Descartes - correct answer This philosopher employe the dream conjecture and the evil demon conjecture as a method to doubt his own existence Camus - correct answer "I see that man going back down with a heavy yet measured step toward the torment of which he will never know the end. That hour like a breathing-space which returns as surely as his suffering, that is the hour of consciousness Hobbes - correct answer This philosopher imagined that life in a state of nature would be "so...

Ontological Argument - correct answer Argument proving the existence of god. Descartes' Ontological Argument - correct answer gods existence is a property of god clearly and distinctly perceived. God's nature exists and i cannot will it to be any other way Cogito Ergo Sum - correct answer "I think therefore I am" Descartes argues that one must doubt everything that one cannot be absolutely sure of. Descartes contends that the only thing humans can be sure of is their own existenc...

Mind-Body Problem - correct answer The issue of how the mind is related to the brain and body Dualism - correct answer the presumption that mind and body are two distinct entities that interact Monism - correct answer the presumption that mind and body are different aspects of the same thing Ontological (Anselm) - correct answer St. Anselm claims to derive the existence of God from the concept of a being than which no greater can be conceived. St. Anselm reasoned that, if such a...

Absolutism - correct answer the view that there are some types of activities that are strictly prohibited by morality, no matter what the specific facts are in a particular case. Killing a person is morally impermissible in "War and Massacre" (Thomas Nagel) Absurdism - correct answer the belief that human beings exist in a purposeless, chaotic universe. a fortiori - correct answer with greater reason, for a still stronger more certain reason agent causality - correct answer ...