Campbell Biology Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

5′ cap - A modified form of guanine nucleotide added onto the 5′ end of a pre-mRNA molecule. A site - One of a ribosome's three binding sites for tRNA during translation. The A site holds the tRNA carrying the next amino acid to be added to the polypeptide chain. (A stands for aminoacyl tRNA.) ABC hypothesis - A model of flower formation identifying three classes of organ identity genes that direct formation of the four types of floral organs. abiotic - Nonliving; referring to the ...

Campbell Biology, Concepts and Connections Chapter 5 Final Exam mosaic model - Answero accepted model of cell membrane structure, o membrane as a mosaic of diverse protein moleceules in a bilayer of phospholipid molecules. Cell Membrane structure - Answer-phospholipid bilayer, polar & non-polar -Cell surface proteins, misonomer -channel -receptor -cell surface marker selective permeability - AnswerMembrane allows some substances to cross more easily than others diffusion - Answerte...

Campbell Biology Chapter 17 Review Exam expression - AnswerThe process by which DNA directs the synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, just RNAs. Includes 2 stages - transcription and translation Garrod - Answerscientist who was the first to say in 1909 that genes determine phenotype through the production of enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions; diseases caused by missing enzymes are "inborn errors of metabolism" Beadle and Tatum - AnswerExposed bread mold to X-rays, creating mut...

Campbell Biology; Chapter 12: Worksheet Final Test 2023. What is the preferred name of the technique used to determine if DNA comes from a particular individual? A) DNA profiling B) DNA scrutiny C) DNA outline D) DNA fingerprinting - AnswerDNA profiling In order for gene therapy to be permanent, A) the normal gene must first be treated with UV radiation to ensure noninfectivity. B) the defective gene must first be removed from all somatic cells. C) the normal gene must be ...

Campbell Biology Chapter 11 Revision Exam l transduction pathway - Answerthe process by which a signal on a cell's surface is converted into a specific cellular response biofilm - AnswerA microbial community that usually forms as a slimy layer on a surface local regulators - AnswerMessenger molecules secreted by the signaling cell which only travel short distance and influence cells in the local vicinity growth factor - Answerone of a group of external regulatory proteins that stimulat...

Campbell Biology Chapter 6 Final Exam microscopy - Answermagnification of cellular structures up to 1000 X scanning electron microscopy (SEM) - Answerimage of 3D surface coated with heavy metal like gold (100,000 X) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) - Answerimage of ultra thin slice to view intracellular components (500,000 x) cytosol - Answeraqueous part of cytoplasm within which particles and organelles are suspended nucleoid - Answerdensly staining DNA region in a prokaryoti...

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Glossary Questions 2023. 5′ cap - AnswerA modified form of guanine nucleotide added onto the 5′ end of a pre-mRNA molecule. ABC hypothesis - AnswerA model of flower formation identifying three classes of organ identity genes that direct formation of the four types of floral organs. abiotic - AnswerNonliving; referring to the physical and chemical properties of an environment. abortion - AnswerThe termination of a pregnancy in progress. abscisic acid ...

Campbell Biology | Chapter 3 Exam 2023.Polar covalent bonds - Answerthe electrons of the covalent bonds are closer to oxygen than to hydrogen Polar molecule - Answerthe water overall charge is unevenly distributed Cohesion - Answerthe hydrogen bonds hold the substance together Adhesion - Answerthe clinging of one substance to another Surface tension - Answera measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid Kinetic energy - Answerthe energy of motion T...

Campbell Biology- Chapter 2 Final Exam 2023.Atom - AnswerThe basic unit of an element that retains the properties of the element. Proton - AnswerPositively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom; equal to the number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom. Neutron - AnswerA neutrally charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. Electron - AnswerA negatively charged subatomic particle found orbiting the nucleus of an atom; equal to the number of pr...

Campbell Biology: Organic Molecules Study Guide otides - AnswerMonomers of nucleic acid polymers. Composed of a sugar-phosphate backbone and a nitrogenous base. enzyme (protein) - Answer-ase ending sugar (simple carbohydrate) - Answer-ose ending Lacking the enzyme lactase that digests lactose, a sugar found in milk. Undigested lactose passes through the colon and bacteria eats it which can produce methane gas and/or hydrogen gas. The excess lactose can also cause an increase in water. ...