Nros 310 Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

NROS 310 Exam 1 questions with correct answers

What types of signal sequences are likely to be cleaved off and which are not? Explain why this is the case. - Answer Signal sequences that are a series of hydrophobic aa are most likely to be cleaved off because the protein needs to be soluble and secreted in the membrane. Describe the function of the SRP. - Answer It pauses translation and then docks the protein and ribosome to the ER, then translation resumes after it when it releases it. How do multiple transmembrane proteins get i...

What are the three main components of the cytoskeleton and what are their main functions? - Answer Actin/microfilament: critical in muscle contraction, in microvili Microtubules: organized, extend out from nucleus (except neurons), form flagella Intermediate filaments: structural integrity What are the main similarities and differences between the three components of the cytoskeleton? - Answer Actin: small and flexible, dynamic, in every cell Microtubules: large and less flexible, dyna...

Why are there motor proteins associated with both actin filaments and microtubules but not intermediate filaments? - Answer Actin filaments and microtubules are highly polarized, therefore allowing motor proteins to form associations with them. Intermediate filaments are unpolarized and do not bind nucleotides such as ATP, leading to lack of motor protein associations (which are ATP driven). How does the hydrolysis of ATP cause myosin to move along the actin filament? - Answer ATP hydroly...

What are the main organs affected by cystic fibrosis? - Answer Lungs, any organ that has epithelial cells, mucus, and secretory system which requires regulation of that mucus Describe the main function of the CFTR protein and how it is regulated. - Answer responsible for regulating the proper flow of chloride and sodium (a component of salt) in and out of the cell membranes in the lungs and other organs. It is regulated by its cytosolic domains: two nucleotide binding domains (NBDs) and a...

What are the three main components of the cytoskeleton and what are their main functions? - ANSWER Microfilaments (actin): sense the environment and direct movement Intermediate Filaments: maintain cell shape/structure, anchor organelles Microtubules: for transport What are the main similarities and differences between the three components of the cytoskeleton? - ANSWER Similarities: -important for cytoskeletal structure -charged ends; form a highway for motor protein Differences: ...

What are the three main components of the cytoskeleton and what are their main functions? - ANSWER Microfilaments (actin): sense the environment and direct movement Intermediate Filaments: maintain cell shape/structure, anchor organelles Microtubules: for transport What are the main similarities and differences between the three components of the cytoskeleton? - ANSWER Similarities: -important for cytoskeletal structure -charged ends; form a highway for motor protein Differences: ...